Glossary of sociological terms.

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Sex is the biological difference between humans by which we are identified. It is completely physical as it is identified through our reproductive organs eg: males with a penis or females with a vagina (Fulcher, J and Scott, J. [2009] Sociology).




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Gender is not biological like sex. It refers to the different social and cultural characteristics that society has set to define us as male or female. This will vary through different societies and cultures (Fulcher, J and Scott, J. [2009] Sociology).

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Gender roles are the stereotypes and ideologies of how men and women should think, act, feel and behave imposed by their society. An example of this would be that men are supposed to be the breadwinner to the family by producing financial support whilst the women are supposed to stay at home to raise the family and maintain the household (Taylor, P. et al [1995] Sociology in Focus).

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Masculinity is the stereotyped characteristics of a male which are set by society. These stereotypes will vary through different cultures and societies. Males stereotypically supposed to be strong, unemotional and dominant (Taylor, P. et al [1995] Sociology in Focus).

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Femininity is the same idea as masculinity but applied to females, femininity is the stereotyped characteristics of a female which are set by society. These stereotypes will vary through different cultures and societies. Females are stereotypically supposed to be weak, emotional and submissive (Taylor, P. et al [1995] Sociology in Focus).

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Gender identity is someone’s personal feel towards their gender and how they identify to this through their thoughts, feelings, actions and behaviour. Although someone may be biologically male or female, they may personally feel their gender is different to their biological sex (Fulcher, J and Scott, J. [2009] Sociology).

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Sexuality refers to someone’s sexual preferences and what they are attracted to. The most common are heterosexual (opposite sex), homosexual (same sex) and bisexual (both sexes) (Fulcher, J and Scott, J. [2009] Sociology).

Fulcher, J. and Scott, J.(2001) Sociology. New York:Oxford University Press Incorporated. Pg 154-155

Taylor, P. Richardson, J. Yeo, A. Marsh, I. Troke, K. and Pilkington, A. (1995) Sociology in focus. Ormskirk: Causeway Press Limited. Pg 125

  

A, Melissa (2007) 1950’s Gender Roles. [Online image] Available from: http://www.funfacts.com.au/1950s-housewife/ [Accessed 19^th November 2014].

Anons (2014) Gender of the day [Online image] Available from: http://genderoftheday.tumblr.com/post/99954283725/todays-gender-of-the-day-is-the-abstract-concept [Accessed 19^th Novemebr 2014].

Anons (unknown) Shark Slayer. [Online image] Available from: http://www.weirdnutdaily.com/7i1 [Accessed 19th November 2014].

DailyMail (2007) You mean a woman can open it? [Online image] Available from: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-496827/The-outrageously-politically-incorrect-adverts-time-equality-forgot.html [Accessed 19^th November 2014].

Pechey, P. (2011) I am? [Online image] Available from: http://www.mindtheproduct.com/2011/10/i-am-a-product-manager/ [Accessed 19^th November 2014].